Author Topic: CAR TOWED on private land 7 DAY TORT NOTICE  (Read 1821 times)

0 Members and 132 Guests are viewing this topic.

Re: CAR TOWED on private land 7 DAY TORT NOTICE
« Reply #15 on: »
<mod hat on>

I agree that having the relevant facts is generally helpful and sometimes necessary.

However, our role (as a site and as individual posters) is to provide advice regarding the legal issues the OP is facing, if we (individually) feel that the OP's case warrant's our time and effort.

Our role is NOT to cast judgment on the OP's alleged motoring misdemeanours which lead him to require advice. If any poster feels that the OP's motoring misdemeanours are such that they do not deserve their help, they are free to ignore the thread.

If they have wasted our time by misleading us or otherwise contravening the rules of the site, that is a different matter, although generally best left  to the mods to deal with.

Perhaps you can show where in this thread (or elsewhere) it says that the Enforcement Agent was acting under a warrant? If this is something that we have all missed, then that is clearly a very significant point.

We can probably assume that if the OP had some overarching right to park there that he would have mentioned it. Otherwise why he chose not to obey the sign is none of our business - not that it would be immediately relevant to the case, unless it subsequently resulted in a civil claim for breach of a purported contract formed without an offer.
</>

As per bp, I think you need legal advice.

bp's (and the District Judge's) advice is predicated on the facts as we know them, my worry is that these might not be all the relevant facts.

For example: : I have 29 PCNs from PPS private parking company - all at the same location,

...car parking charge consisting of 29 fines which have multiplied in costs (My plan was to wait for LOC to arrive for PCNs and argue)

So what's happened? An approved operator, PPS, decided to abandon(!) the Code of Practice and PoFA and out of frustration use a different tactic to achieve their ends, or what?

Why would PPS take such an overt risk when their landowner cannot indemnify them against their ATA's sanctions? Has this in fact got anything to do with PPS? Their name appears under 'Site Managed By' on the first notice after which they're not mentioned.

What was said when the car was removed and the police attended?

How come this is 'theft' if the Enforcement Agent was acting under a warrant?

You say 'As I use my vehicle on a daily basis and at this time of year, I really do need my vehicle back..' so you need to act urgently.

On the underlying issue, why were you parked where a sign clearly says you may not? There's no offer of a contract, you may not park or wait at any time 24/7. Perhaps you could post one of the parking charge notices and notices to keeper?
I am responsible for the accuracy of the information I post, not your ability to comprehend it.
Agree Agree x 2 View List

Re: CAR TOWED on private land 7 DAY TORT NOTICE
« Reply #16 on: »
If a warrant of control was not involved, then I apologise.

My post wasn't intended to challenge the OP's actions, but instead to flesh out those parts which might assist.

Mr Ebrahim is a Certificated Bailiff according to the register.

The issue of PCNs and the signs and asking for a specimen was to see whether in fact the issues arise under 'relevant contract' or 'a relevant obligation arising as a result of a trespass or other tort..' provisions of PoFA. The prohibitive wording of the sign suggests it could be the latter.

My request to flesh out the underlying issue was to see even at this stage whether any application to the court could be bolstered by an assertion that the underlying claims are without foundation.

Re: CAR TOWED on private land 7 DAY TORT NOTICE
« Reply #17 on: »
Here is a link to a PCN and NtK: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1bXxU-meS8OgFfVVHvRJLp-gcfCDZ9iFS/view?usp=sharing

Timeline of events on the basis of creating a clear picture:
5 December 2025 18:10
I phoned the number on the “Warning of Immobilisation” notice after discovering my vehicle had been clamped.
I asked the enforcement agent why my vehicle had been clamped; he replied that my car was “getting towed.”

Shortly after, I went to the vehicle, sat inside it, and called 999, explaining that my car was being clamped and removed on private land without lawful authority and that this was unlawful under s.54 POFA.
The call handler told me it was a civil matter and that police officers would not be attending, despite my repeated attempts to explain the criminal offence.

Approximately 18:40
The enforcement agent, Mr K. Ebrahim, arrived and demanded that I exit the vehicle, stating that he had “seized” it.
I told him the clamping and towing were unlawful. He insisted he could proceed and said he was calling the police.

Around 5 minutes later
Police officers arrived extremely quickly, which was surprising given that the force had just told me they would not attend.
The officers then explained that they had been dispatched urgently because the enforcement agent had reported that objects were being thrown at him (a complete fabrication), which they treated as a violent incident requiring immediate response.
The enforcement agent showed officers: The June “7-day tort notice”, and The “Notice That Goods Have Been Secured / Notice of Intention to Sell.”
I explained that the “7-day tort notice” issued in June 2025 was a notice relating to abandoned vehicles, not a lawful authority for clamping or towing. I pointed out that the vehicle could not possibly be considered “abandoned” because:
I had driven it to the location that same day, and I was physically present inside the vehicle at the scene when they attempted to tow it.

Despite this, the officers continued to treat the June notice as if it authorised the December clamp and tow.
The officers appeared to treat these documents as if they were legally equivalent to a warrant or statutory authority.
They repeatedly told me this was a civil matter, yet simultaneously threatened to arrest me for: Breach of the peace, or
Intentionally obstructing a “lawful enforcement agent if I did not leave my vehicle.”
I repeatedly explained that private clamping and towing without lawful authority is a criminal offence under s.54 PoFA, but the officers did not accept this.

I asked the enforcement agent where my vehicle was being taken.
He refused to tell me, stating I would only be given the location after payment of the demanded £5,325.

Police officers stayed on scene to ensure I did not re-enter the vehicle or prevent its removal. The vehicle was then loaded onto a recovery truck and towed away. I was left without any paperwork identifying where the vehicle had been taken. Time of tow: 19:35

I can confirm there is no warrant of control from any statutory authority, and I have no CCJ or court claims for the PCNs associated with PPS.

I hope this provides clarification.

Re: CAR TOWED on private land 7 DAY TORT NOTICE
« Reply #18 on: »
Thanks very much.

As I understand it, a 'Torts Notice' and subsequent removal is open to a landowner as a remedy against a nuisance caused when a vehicle is left on their land without permission. But what is not allowed is this 'self-help' means of securing payment of unpaid parking charges which are based in PoFA.

If PPS were involved in instructing the Enforcement Agent, then IMO they're in deep trouble with the BPA. But perhaps the landowner went native and as the person responsible for managing the property (PPS) could only shrug their shoulders and point to the limiting nature of PoFA, they decided to employ other means using LME Services Ltd. But as the NTK which you posted identifies PPS(London) Ltd as the creditor, then the £5k+ demand would appear to be bogus and unlawful as regards action under the 1977 Act.

Re: CAR TOWED on private land 7 DAY TORT NOTICE
« Reply #19 on: »
That makes a lot of sense, and I appreciate the explanation. If LME were acting purely on instructions from the landowner and not PPS, then PPS themselves might try to argue they are not responsible. However, because LME’s demand includes the 29 PPS-issued PCNs, it strongly suggests PPS are involved in or connected to this enforcement, which brings BPA compliance issues firmly into play.

If the landowner had instructed LME independently, I would expect the demand to relate solely to trespass/nuisance or alleged abandonment, not to 29 PPS parking invoices with itemised amounts copied directly from PPS’s own PCNs.

This suggests PPS are either complicit or are at least allowing their accredited status to be used to justify what looks like an unlawful workaround of PoFA.

If PPS did not authorise this, then LME appear to be enforcing PPS’s charges without authority, which is a separate and very serious issue for BPA and DVLA.

Re: CAR TOWED on private land 7 DAY TORT NOTICE
« Reply #20 on: »
The BPA are a members club, who ostensibly exist solely to protect their paying members' interests (and less ostensibly to protect their own). Historically, they have somewhat begrudgingly applied minor sanctions to paying members who have done something so egregious that if they aren't seen to act, Government might be forced to do so. Members who are substantially in arrears tend to get binned for often less egregious acts. They are not a regulatory body, and do not act like one, regardless of how hard that DVLA tries to pretend that they can abdicate their responsibilities.

However, to be fair to the BPA, this is what trade bodies do, and compared to the IPC they are the love-child of Mother Teresa and the Dalai Lama.

Point being that in order to get the BPA to attack rather than defend their own member, it needs to be clear to them that they have no choice, or otherwise that protecting that particular member's interests is likely to harm their own interests.

Similarly, the DVLA as a self-contained department, is very keen on the ability to self-fund by selling keeper data at £2.50 a pop on the somewhat shaky grounds of automatic reasonable cause by dint of being an AOS member, and claiming that regulatory issues are down to the AOS.
« Last Edit: December 07, 2025, 08:15:32 pm by andy_foster »
I am responsible for the accuracy of the information I post, not your ability to comprehend it.
Like Like x 1 View List

Re: CAR TOWED on private land 7 DAY TORT NOTICE
« Reply #21 on: »
It's theft 100%.

It also sounds like something of a set up - having the outdated tort notice to hand followed by a bailiff attending so quickly smells of a pre planned scheme of some kind.

Re: CAR TOWED on private land 7 DAY TORT NOTICE
« Reply #22 on: »
FWIM, I don't see how it can be 'theft' because the person who has possession does not intend to permanently deprive the owner of their goods* but rather to release on payment of the stated sum. IMO, it's certainly a crime(bp listed several possibilities), but not theft.

I hope the OP has secured legal advice.

*- interestingly, the 'Torts' notice made no reference to a release fee, but to removal and scrapping(OP, this word is blurred, is it scrapping?) but the second notice does.

Re: CAR TOWED on private land 7 DAY TORT NOTICE
« Reply #23 on: »
As already mentioned, I have sought legal advice based on what we know. That advice (a District Judge no less) agrees that it is "theft". I have put the OP in contact with Jackson Yamba who has agreed to consider taking this on or at least referring it to a suitable solicitor to get an injunction against LME. So, real legal advice is on offer.

Back to my untrained but experienced knowledge that there is a very strong argument that what LME have done fits the Theft Act definition, but in law it is not quite as “pure and simple” as it feels, because of the way “dishonesty” works.

The legal test for theft under the Theft Act 1968 is:

1. Appropriation
2. Of property
3. Belonging to another
4. Dishonestly
5. With the intention of permanently depriving the other of it.

On the facts as we know them so far:

– LME have clearly appropriated property: they physically took the car and now control it.
– It is property, and it belongs to the OP.
– They are demanding a ransom and threatening to sell it. That is very strong evidence of an intention to permanently deprive the owner, or at least to treat the car as their own to dispose of regardless of the OPs rights (which also satisfies the Act).

So the only real legal argument is about “dishonesty”.

This is where it stops being “pure and simple”. Section 2 of the Theft Act says a person is not dishonest if they honestly believe they have a legal right to deprive the other of the property, even if that belief is unreasonable. LME will say: “We believed we had a legal right under the Torts (Interference with Goods) Act and under the contract with the landowner to remove and hold the vehicle for these debts.” That belief can be utterly wrong in law, but if a court or jury accepted that it was genuinely held, it defeats theft.

That is why my relative, the District Judge, quite reasonably describes it as “straightforward theft on the facts”: to an experienced judge it looks like exactly that – taking someone’s car with no lawful authority, keeping it until they pay, and threatening sale. But the criminal law still has to grind through the section 2 “honest belief” point. The police and CPS will often shy away from charging theft in civil-flavoured disputes because of that, even where a judge looking at it in the round calls it “obvious theft”.

Crucially, the PoFA offence does not have that complication. Section 54 PoFA and wrongful interference with goods/conversion in civil law do not turn on proving dishonesty; they turn on the absence of lawful authority and on possessory rights. Here, there is no judgment, no warrant, no statutory power. On that basis:

– It is almost certainly a criminal offence under section 54 PoFA.
– It is almost certainly a civil wrong in conversion/wrongful interference with goods.
– There is a powerful argument that it is also theft, but whether the police/CPS run with “theft” as the charge will depend on how much weight they give to the supposed “honest belief in a legal right”.

So: morally and practically, it looks and feels like theft. Legally, there is a strong case for theft, but it is not quite as clean-cut because of the way the honest-belief defence to dishonesty works. That is why it makes sense to keep pushing both angles with the police (theft and PoFA) while using conversion/wrongful interference and an injunction in the civil courts.
Never argue with stupid people. They will drag you down to their level and then beat you with experience” - Mark Twain

Re: CAR TOWED on private land 7 DAY TORT NOTICE
« Reply #24 on: »
Update, (good news) LME have replied to my email with this reponse:

Thank you for your email in regards to your goods being removed.
Thames City have an obligation to keep that access road clear as there is a high volume of heavy goods vehicles traffic from neighbouring locations, which is why they operate a no parking policy on that access road.
By leaving your goods there you are causing distress and disruption to the lawful use of the land, the tort notice issued to your goods does clearly state that you must permanently remove your goods from the land.
Since then you have continued to leave your goods on the land without permission.
The involuntary bailee is entitled to secure goods that have incurred charges, i.e a removal truck.
No goods are exempt from TIGA 1977
TIGA 1977 provides lawful authority to remove goods. 

In the spirit of Christmas as we are closing down for the holiday season soon, we will only charge you the Keyless Removal Truck Fee.

Amount: £575.00

Is the best option now to pay under protest and then sue?


Re: CAR TOWED on private land 7 DAY TORT NOTICE
« Reply #25 on: »
just going back the the "tort notice" they are/will rely on.
the landlord in order to lawfully issue it they are required to make all reasonable attempts to contact the owner of the goods
bearing in mind that the OP's contact details were known to them vis DVLA then is attaching a notice the vehicle and not sending it the the last known address still a lawfully serving of the notice?
also, I seem to remember when I served one I had to include clearly my name and address, the Bailee's address doesn't appear to be on the notice posted.
Quote from: andy_foster
Mick, you are a very, very bad man

Re: CAR TOWED on private land 7 DAY TORT NOTICE
« Reply #26 on: »
Quote
Is the best option now to pay under protest and then sue?
Have you taken up our suggestion of contacting a suitable solicitor? If so, see what they say.

At face value, reducing their demand from £5k+ to £500 "in the spirit of Christmas" doesn't sound like the actions of someone who is confident in the legal basis of their demands.

Re: CAR TOWED on private land 7 DAY TORT NOTICE
« Reply #27 on: »
The PCNs are irrelevant unless PPS had already issued a county court claim, obtained a CCJ against the OP, and then applied for a warrant of control. Without that sequence, nobody has lawful authority to clamp, tow, or detain the vehicle. The fact that the OP received the original PCNs means PPS had a valid address for service. If the OP never received any claim form or judgment paperwork, then no claim was ever properly served and no enforcement power could possibly arise. In short, no warrant means no enforcement.

LME’s entire position depends on whether they had any lawful power to act. Nothing in the Torts (Interference with Goods) Act gives any power to seize a vehicle. It can only be used by a bailee who already has lawful possession of abandoned goods, and even then it only authorises disposal after proper notice. It cannot be used to enforce private parking debts, cannot be used to justify wheel clamping, and cannot be used to justify towing a vehicle being actively used by its owner.

The position of Mr K Ebrahim now makes the situation worse for LME, not better. He appears on the official Certificated Enforcement Agent register as “Khoshal Ebrahim”, certificated by Hertford County Court for the period 16/04/2025 to 15/04/2027. Crucially, the register lists him as certified specifically in connection with his employment by Newlyn Plc. Certification does not grant general enforcement powers. It only means he is authorised to act as an enforcement agent when he is executing a valid warrant of control and when he is acting within the scope of the employment for which he was certified.

If Mr Ebrahim carried out the clamp and tow while acting for LME Services Ltd, he was not acting as an enforcement agent under the employment named on his certificate. That alone is potential misconduct. More importantly, even if he had been acting for Newlyn, he still cannot lawfully seize a vehicle unless a warrant of control has been issued by the court following a CCJ. No such warrant exists here.

A certificated enforcement agent without a warrant has no enforcement powers whatsoever. He cannot lawfully clamp, tow, detain, or threaten to sell any vehicle. Certification carries an expectation that he knows the limits of his lawful authority. Misusing a certificate to give the impression of enforcement powers he does not have is not excused by ignorance and is grounds for a complaint to the County Court that issued his certificate.

As things stand, publicly available records do not show any link — corporate or contractual — between LME Services Ltd and Newlyn Plc. That lack of linkage is significant: it means LME cannot credibly claim Newlyn’s status or rights, and Mr Ebrahim’s certification under Newlyn does not legalise LME’s clamp/tow actions. There is no evidence to support any corporate or operational affiliation between them.
Never argue with stupid people. They will drag you down to their level and then beat you with experience” - Mark Twain

Re: CAR TOWED on private land 7 DAY TORT NOTICE
« Reply #28 on: »
I specifically gave you contact details for Jackson Yamba. Have you not made contact with him yet? you appear to be relying on the advice given here which is not complete legal advice. We are not solicitors.

The email from LME is actually fantastic news for you. It confirms in writing that they have no lawful authority for what they did and that they are relying entirely on a completely false interpretation of the Torts Act. In other words, they have now provided you with written evidence that what they did was unlawful.

Their email admits several things that destroy their position. They claim the Torts Act gives them “lawful authority” to remove goods, which is legally wrong. The Torts Act only deals with disposal of genuinely abandoned goods that the bailee already holds lawfully. It gives no power at all to seize anything, and certainly not to enforce private parking charges. They also claim that “no goods are exempt” from the Act, which is nonsense. The question is not exemption but the total absence of any lawful seizure power. They likewise claim that they are the “involuntary bailee,” but you cannot become a bailee by unlawfully seizing someone else’s property. This admission effectively confirms that they know they took your car without a warrant and without legal authority.

Their collapse from £5,325 to £575 is the clearest sign yet that they know they have been caught out. If they believed for a moment that their actions were lawful, they would not be dropping the alleged debt by nearly ninety percent. They are now trying to save face and salvage the situation before the police close in further. It is also obvious that they understand the clamp and tow are being treated as a crime by the police.

At this point you really have two realistic options. One is to push the police to act immediately on the criminal side: tell the investigating officer about this email, tell them LME are admitting reliance on the Torts Act and demanding £575 to release a car they unlawfully seized, and make clear that they are continuing to detain property that they know they have no right to. That might encourage the police to intervene directly, but relying entirely on police urgency is unpredictable.

The other, and more practical option given that you need the car now, is to pay the £575 strictly under protest and then sue. Before paying, you must send them an email stating clearly that payment is being made under protest, without admitting liability, solely to recover your car, and that you will be pursuing full recovery of the money and damages. This protects you completely. Once the car is safely back in your possession, you can bring a civil claim for the £575, loss of use, and any other losses. Your prospects of winning that claim are extremely high based on everything they have written, what the police now accept, and the clear lack of any lawful authority for the tow.

In short, the LME email confirms you are in the stronger position legally. If you need the car urgently, paying under protest and suing afterwards is now a clean and effective strategy.
« Last Edit: December 08, 2025, 12:33:17 pm by b789 »
Never argue with stupid people. They will drag you down to their level and then beat you with experience” - Mark Twain
Agree Agree x 1 View List

Re: CAR TOWED on private land 7 DAY TORT NOTICE
« Reply #29 on: »
Update, (good news) LME have replied to my email with this reponse:

Thank you for your email in regards to your goods being removed.
Thames City have an obligation to keep that access road clear as there is a high volume of heavy goods vehicles traffic from neighbouring locations, which is why they operate a no parking policy on that access road.
By leaving your goods there you are causing distress and disruption to the lawful use of the land, the tort notice issued to your goods does clearly state that you must permanently remove your goods from the land.
Since then you have continued to leave your goods on the land without permission.
The involuntary bailee is entitled to secure goods that have incurred charges, i.e a removal truck.
No goods are exempt from TIGA 1977
TIGA 1977 provides lawful authority to remove goods. 

In the spirit of Christmas as we are closing down for the holiday season soon, we will only charge you the Keyless Removal Truck Fee.

Amount: £575.00

Is the best option now to pay under protest and then sue?

You need pay nothing.

You could point out that they illegally clamped your vehicle which prevented you from moving it yourself.

Furthermore, they only served you with the notice moments before removing it.