The immediate problem that you have is that it is very likely the NIP was posted on the day it was produced (Thursday 9th October). This means it was deemed to have been “served” on you two working days later (i.e. Monday 13th October). You were required to reply, providing the driver’s details, by last Monday (10th November).
So your priority should be to contact the issuing office, tell them what has happened and assure them that your response is on its way. Assuming you were driving, you must provide a written response by post. This will hopefully persuade them not to take action against you for “failing to provide driver’s details” – an offence which carries six points.
As far as the late NIP goes, it is presumed delivered two working days after posting, unless the contrary can be proved. The police only have to prove that it was posted in time to meet the 14 day deadline, and if they do so, the burden falls on you to show that it arrived late. You will have to convince a court “on the balance of probabilities” (i.e. more likely to be true than not) that it was not received within 14 days. If you succeed with that, then no prosecution for speeding can succeed.
You would normally be offered a course for that speed (provided you have not done one in the last three years). This would cost you about £100 and a bit of your time, but no points. If you fail to convince the court about the late NIP, you will almost certainly be convicted of speeding, pay a fine of half a week’s net income, a surcharge of 40% of that fine, around £650 in costs and receive three points.